Macular Degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in older adults

As we age, the risk of developing eye conditions increases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This disease affects the macula — the center of the retina — and leads to a loss of central vision. As the macula becomes damaged, vision deteriorates, making it harder to see fine details.

How can macular degeneration affect my vision?

Macular degeneration does not typically cause complete blindness, but it significantly impacts central vision. This leaves only peripheral (side) vision intact. Symptoms may include distorted or wavy lines, blurred central vision, blind spots, reduced color perception and hazy vision.

These changes can make everyday tasks more difficult, including:

• Recognizing faces
• Driving
• Reading
• Writing
• Watching TV

Are there different types of macular degeneration?

There are two main types of AMD:

• Dry macular degeneration: The most common form, caused by gradual thinning and deterioration of the macula over time.
• Wet macular degeneration: Also known as exudative AMD, this form accounts for about 10–15% of cases but causes the majority of severe vision loss. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the macula and leak fluid or blood — a process called choroidal neovascularization.

How is age-related macular degeneration diagnosed?

Your Henry Ford ophthalmologist may use a comprehensive eye exam along with advanced imaging tests such as fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) to make a diagnosis .

You can also monitor your vision at home for distortion or changes by using the Amsler Grid test .

What treatment options are available for macular degeneration?

While there is no cure for macular degeneration, certain treatments may help slow progression and preserve vision. Your treatment plan will depend on the type and severity of AMD and may include:

• Laser therapy
• Intraocular injections
• Specialized reading glasses
• Vitamin supplementation
• Lifestyle changes

Our retinal specialists also collaborate closely with the Henry Ford Center for Vision Rehabilitation and Research and the Detroit Institute of Ophthalmology , connecting patients with low-vision specialists who can help adapt to vision changes and maintain independence.

At Henry Ford, patients come first

The Henry Ford Department of Ophthalmology is committed to providing compassionate, personalized care using the most advanced treatments available. We are dedicated to vision research and remain at the forefront of innovation. As one of the largest ophthalmology practices in the United States, we treat more than 55,000 patients each year at 12 locations throughout southeast Michigan. Our team also collaborates across specialties to provide coordinated, multidisciplinary care.